Raga is also known as "Raag" in Indian Classical Music. Raga is the combination of musical notes (swars) use to create different moods, a raga is consist of minimum of 5 notes. The Raga can produce different moods such as Shant (serenity), Shrungaar (erotic), Bhakti (devotion to God), Veer (gallantry, bravery, aggressive).
There are 3 bheds of Raag:
1. Shuddha Raag : The raag in which even if any notes that are not present in it are used, it's nature and form does not change.
2. Chhayalag Raag : The raag in which if any notes that are not present in it are used, it's nature and form changes.
3. Sankeerna Raag : The raag in which there is a combination of two or more raags.
Terms use in Raag:
1. Aaroh
2. Avroh
3. Vaadi
4. Samvadi
5. Anuvaadi
6. Vivadi
7. Pakad
8. Jaati
9. Samay
10. Res
11. Thaat
Aaroh:
It is the ascending order of the notes in a raag. Each note is higher than the previous note.
Avroh:
The decending order of the notes in a raag. Each note is lower than the previous note.
Vadi:
Vadi is the most important note of the raag, which is most commonly use in raag.
Samvadi:
The second most important note in a raag, which is used more commonly after Vadi swar.
Anuvaadi:
The all other notes in a raag are known as anuvadi swars.
Vivadi:
The note is not present in the raag, but used by singer in such a way that can enhance the beauty of a raag.
Pakad:
The pattern of notes which describes the uniqueness of a raag.
Jaati:
It give the number of notes in aaroh and avroh. Jaati are of three types:
1. Audav: Raag consist of 5 notes.
2. Shadav:Raag consist of 6 notes.
3. Sampooran: Raag consist of 7 notes.
Samnay:
Each raag has a specific time to perform, as it is said that the the particular time of each raag makes it more effective.
Ras:
The emotion each raag invokes. Depending upon the notes used in the raag, it will invoke a ras.
Thaat:
This is the system for the classification of raags in a particular group. Indian Classical Music consist of 10 Thaats.
For a example, let take Raag Aiman Kalyan (Yamen):
Aaroh:
Ni Re Ga Ma (tivra Ma i.e. Ma#) Pa Dha Ni Sa'
Avroh:
Sa' Ni Dha Pa Ma(tivra Ma i.e. Ma#) Ga Re Sa
Vadi:
Ga
Samvadi:
Ni
Pakad:
Ni-Re-Ga-/Re-Ma(Kori Ma/tivra Ma i.e. Ma#)-Pa-/Ma(Kori Ma/tivra Ma i.e. Ma#)-Pa-Dha/Dha-Ni-Sa' (upper octave)
Jaati:
Sampooran (7 notes)
Samaay:
Performed during the first quarter of the night.
Ras:
Meshakarna
Thaat:
Kalyan
Here is the video example:
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